fix: reserve app shelf height for wrapped rows

Ariver

2026-08-14 21e9dd7c95e3f58a19a7c7342ff3d6584eb9097e

 C1.source/Sources/Aligner/Infrastructure/Windows/CGWindowAXWindowService.swift

@@ -25,6 +25,51 @@
        let flags: CGEventFlags
    }

    private struct FinderTabActivationBudget {
        let startedAt: TimeInterval
        let limit: TimeInterval

        init(limit: TimeInterval) {
            startedAt = ProcessInfo.processInfo.systemUptime
            self.limit = limit
        }

        var elapsed: TimeInterval {
            ProcessInfo.processInfo.systemUptime - startedAt
        }

        var elapsedMilliseconds: Int {
            CGWindowAXWindowService.milliseconds(elapsed)
        }

        var remaining: TimeInterval {
            max(0, limit - elapsed)
        }

        var isExhausted: Bool {
            remaining <= 0
        }
    }

    private struct WindowFocusAttempt {
        let focused: AXActionResult
        let main: AXActionResult
        let raised: AXActionResult

        var success: Bool {
            focused.success || main.success || raised.success
        }
    }

    private static let finderTabActivationBudgetLimit: TimeInterval = 1.50
    private static let finderTabCycleMaximumAttempts = 5
    private static let finderTabHostRepresentationScanLimit = 5
    private static let finderTabFastTitleMatchAttempts = 4
    private static let finderTabFastTitleMatchDelay: TimeInterval = 0.03
    private static let finderTabWindowMenuVerificationInitialDelay: TimeInterval = 0.08
    private static let finderTabWindowMenuVerificationAttempts = 8
    private static let finderTabWindowMenuVerificationDelay: TimeInterval = 0.04

    init(
        spaceIDsByWindowIDProvider: @escaping ([UInt32]) -> [UInt32: [UInt64]],
        appCategorizer: any AppCategorizer = BundleIDAppCategorizer(),
@@ -82,55 +127,52 @@
            throw AXWindowRestoreError.setMinimizedFailed(minimizeResult)
        }

        let focusedBeforeActivateResult = focusWindowResult(
        let beforeActivateAttempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(
            restorableWindow.element,
            processIdentifier: restorableWindow.processIdentifier
        )
        let raisedBeforeActivateResult = raiseWindowResult(restorableWindow.element)
        let focusedBeforeActivate = focusedBeforeActivateResult.success
        let raisedBeforeActivate = raisedBeforeActivateResult.success

        guard activateApplication(processIdentifier: restorableWindow.processIdentifier) else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.restore.activateApplicationFailed", [
                "windowID": windowID,
                "pid": restorableWindow.processIdentifier,
                "focusedBeforeActivate": focusedBeforeActivate,
                "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: focusedBeforeActivateResult.error),
                "raisedBeforeActivate": raisedBeforeActivate,
                "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: raisedBeforeActivateResult.error)
                "focusedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.focused.success,
                "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.focused.error),
                "mainBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.main.success,
                "mainBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.main.error),
                "raisedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.raised.success,
                "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.raised.error)
            ])
            return .activationFailed
        }

        let focusedAfterActivateResult = focusWindowResult(
        let afterActivateAttempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(
            restorableWindow.element,
            processIdentifier: restorableWindow.processIdentifier
        )
        let raisedAfterActivateResult = raiseWindowResult(restorableWindow.element)
        let focusedAfterActivate = focusedAfterActivateResult.success
        let raisedAfterActivate = raisedAfterActivateResult.success

        let restored = focusedBeforeActivate || focusedAfterActivate || raisedBeforeActivate || raisedAfterActivate
        let restored = beforeActivateAttempt.success || afterActivateAttempt.success
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.restore.end", [
            "windowID": windowID,
            "pid": restorableWindow.processIdentifier,
            "focusedBeforeActivate": focusedBeforeActivate,
            "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: focusedBeforeActivateResult.error),
            "raisedBeforeActivate": raisedBeforeActivate,
            "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: raisedBeforeActivateResult.error),
            "focusedAfterActivate": focusedAfterActivate,
            "focusAfterAXError": String(describing: focusedAfterActivateResult.error),
            "raisedAfterActivate": raisedAfterActivate,
            "raiseAfterAXError": String(describing: raisedAfterActivateResult.error),
            "focusedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.focused.success,
            "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.focused.error),
            "mainBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.main.success,
            "mainBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.main.error),
            "raisedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.raised.success,
            "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.raised.error),
            "focusedAfterActivate": afterActivateAttempt.focused.success,
            "focusAfterAXError": String(describing: afterActivateAttempt.focused.error),
            "mainAfterActivate": afterActivateAttempt.main.success,
            "mainAfterAXError": String(describing: afterActivateAttempt.main.error),
            "raisedAfterActivate": afterActivateAttempt.raised.success,
            "raiseAfterAXError": String(describing: afterActivateAttempt.raised.error),
            "result": restored ? "restored" : "activationFailed"
        ])
        return focusedBeforeActivate || focusedAfterActivate || raisedBeforeActivate || raisedAfterActivate
            ? .restored
            : .activationFailed
        return restored ? .restored : .activationFailed
    }

    func activate(window requestedWindow: AlignerWindow) throws -> WindowActivationResult {
        let window = refreshedFinderWindowForPreciseAction(requestedWindow, operation: "windowActivation")
    func activate(window: AlignerWindow) throws -> WindowActivationResult {
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.start", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "identifierSource": String(describing: window.identifierSource),
@@ -216,72 +258,132 @@
            }

            let activated = activateApplication(for: window)
            let retryAttempt = activated
                ? retryFocusMainRaiseWindow(
                    for: window,
                    delay: 0.10,
                    matchAttempt: "axMissingPostActivate"
                )
                : nil
            let retrySucceeded = retryAttempt?.success ?? false
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.axMissing", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "appName": window.app.name,
                "pid": window.app.processIdentifier,
                "privateActivated": didPrivatelyActivate,
                "applicationActivated": activated,
                "result": didPrivatelyActivate ? "activated" : (activated ? "appActivatedOnly" : "windowNotFound")
                "retryFocused": retryAttempt?.focused.success,
                "retryFocusAXError": retryAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.focused.error) },
                "retryMain": retryAttempt?.main.success,
                "retryMainAXError": retryAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.main.error) },
                "retryRaised": retryAttempt?.raised.success,
                "retryRaiseAXError": retryAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.raised.error) },
                "result": (didPrivatelyActivate || retrySucceeded) ? "activated" : (activated ? "appActivatedOnly" : "windowNotFound")
            ])
            if didPrivatelyActivate {
            if didPrivatelyActivate || retrySucceeded {
                return .activated
            }

            return activated ? .appActivatedOnly : .windowNotFound
        }

        let focusedBeforeActivateResult = focusWindowResult(
        let beforeActivateAttempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(
            axWindow.element,
            processIdentifier: axWindow.processIdentifier
        )
        let raisedBeforeActivateResult = raiseWindowResult(axWindow.element)
        let focusedBeforeActivate = focusedBeforeActivateResult.success
        let raisedBeforeActivate = raisedBeforeActivateResult.success

        guard didPrivatelyActivate || activateApplication(for: window) else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.applicationActivationFailed", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": window.app.processIdentifier,
                "privateActivated": didPrivatelyActivate,
                "focusedBeforeActivate": focusedBeforeActivate,
                "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: focusedBeforeActivateResult.error),
                "raisedBeforeActivate": raisedBeforeActivate,
                "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: raisedBeforeActivateResult.error)
                "focusedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.focused.success,
                "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.focused.error),
                "mainBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.main.success,
                "mainBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.main.error),
                "raisedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.raised.success,
                "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.raised.error)
            ])
            return .activationFailed
        }

        let focusedAfterActivateResult = focusWindowResult(
        let afterActivateAttempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(
            axWindow.element,
            processIdentifier: axWindow.processIdentifier
        )
        let raisedAfterActivateResult = raiseWindowResult(axWindow.element)
        let focusedAfterActivate = focusedAfterActivateResult.success
        let raisedAfterActivate = raisedAfterActivateResult.success
        let retryAttempt = (didPrivatelyActivate || beforeActivateAttempt.success || afterActivateAttempt.success)
            ? nil
            : retryFocusMainRaiseWindow(
                for: window,
                delay: 0.10,
                matchAttempt: "postActivateRetry"
            )

        let didFocusOrRaise = focusedBeforeActivate || focusedAfterActivate || raisedBeforeActivate || raisedAfterActivate
        let didFocusOrRaise = beforeActivateAttempt.success || afterActivateAttempt.success || (retryAttempt?.success ?? false)
        let finderDirectFallbackResult: Bool?
        if (didPrivatelyActivate || didFocusOrRaise),
           isFinderCGOnlyPageCandidate(window),
           let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier {
            let normalizedTargetTitle = normalizedWindowTitle(window.title)
            let focusedTitle = finderFocusedOrMainWindowTitle(processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
            let directTitleMatched = normalizedWindowTitle(focusedTitle ?? "") == normalizedTargetTitle
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.finderDirectVerification", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": processIdentifier,
                "directTitleMatched": directTitleMatched,
                "focusedTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(focusedTitle),
                "focusedTitleLength": focusedTitle?.count,
                "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
            ])
            if directTitleMatched {
                finderDirectFallbackResult = true
            } else {
                finderDirectFallbackResult = activateFinderTabPageIfNeeded(
                    window: window,
                    axMetadata: AXWindowMetadataReader.metadata(appCategorizer: appCategorizer),
                    operation: "windowActivation",
                    reason: "directAXTitleMismatch"
                )
            }
        } else {
            finderDirectFallbackResult = nil
        }

        let finderPreciseActivationFailed = finderDirectFallbackResult == false
        let activated = finderDirectFallbackResult ?? (didPrivatelyActivate || didFocusOrRaise)
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.end", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "pid": window.app.processIdentifier,
            "privateActivated": didPrivatelyActivate,
            "focusedBeforeActivate": focusedBeforeActivate,
            "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: focusedBeforeActivateResult.error),
            "raisedBeforeActivate": raisedBeforeActivate,
            "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: raisedBeforeActivateResult.error),
            "focusedAfterActivate": focusedAfterActivate,
            "focusAfterAXError": String(describing: focusedAfterActivateResult.error),
            "raisedAfterActivate": raisedAfterActivate,
            "raiseAfterAXError": String(describing: raisedAfterActivateResult.error),
            "result": (didFocusOrRaise || didPrivatelyActivate) ? "activated" : "appActivatedOnly"
            "focusedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.focused.success,
            "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.focused.error),
            "mainBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.main.success,
            "mainBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.main.error),
            "raisedBeforeActivate": beforeActivateAttempt.raised.success,
            "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeActivateAttempt.raised.error),
            "focusedAfterActivate": afterActivateAttempt.focused.success,
            "focusAfterAXError": String(describing: afterActivateAttempt.focused.error),
            "mainAfterActivate": afterActivateAttempt.main.success,
            "mainAfterAXError": String(describing: afterActivateAttempt.main.error),
            "raisedAfterActivate": afterActivateAttempt.raised.success,
            "raiseAfterAXError": String(describing: afterActivateAttempt.raised.error),
            "retryFocused": retryAttempt?.focused.success,
            "retryFocusAXError": retryAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.focused.error) },
            "retryMain": retryAttempt?.main.success,
            "retryMainAXError": retryAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.main.error) },
            "retryRaised": retryAttempt?.raised.success,
            "retryRaiseAXError": retryAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.raised.error) },
            "finderDirectFallbackResult": finderDirectFallbackResult,
            "result": finderPreciseActivationFailed ? "activationFailed" : (activated ? "activated" : "appActivatedOnly")
        ])
        return didPrivatelyActivate || focusedBeforeActivate || focusedAfterActivate || raisedBeforeActivate || raisedAfterActivate
            ? .activated
            : .appActivatedOnly
        if finderPreciseActivationFailed {
            return .activationFailed
        }
        return activated ? .activated : .appActivatedOnly
    }

    func close(window requestedWindow: AlignerWindow) throws -> WindowCloseResult {
        let window = refreshedFinderWindowForPreciseAction(requestedWindow, operation: "windowClose")
    func close(window: AlignerWindow) throws -> WindowCloseResult {
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowClose.window.start", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "identifierSource": String(describing: window.identifierSource),
@@ -358,59 +460,6 @@
            processIdentifier: matchedAXWindow.processIdentifier,
            attempt: "initial"
        )
    }

    private func refreshedFinderWindowForPreciseAction(
        _ window: AlignerWindow,
        operation: String
    ) -> AlignerWindow {
        guard isFinderCGOnlyPageCandidate(window) else { return window }

        guard let refreshedWindow = try? allWindows().first(where: { refreshed in
            refreshed.id == window.id
                && refreshed.identifierSource == window.identifierSource
                && refreshed.app.bundleIdentifier == window.app.bundleIdentifier
        }) else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderRefresh.missing", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "spaceIDCount": window.spaceIDs.count,
                "hasFrame": window.frame != nil
            ])
            return window
        }

        let mergedWindow = AlignerWindow(
            id: window.id,
            app: window.app.processIdentifier == nil ? refreshedWindow.app : window.app,
            title: window.title.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty
                ? refreshedWindow.title
                : window.title,
            identifierSource: window.identifierSource,
            isMinimized: window.isMinimized || refreshedWindow.isMinimized,
            isFullscreen: window.isFullscreen || refreshedWindow.isFullscreen,
            isGhost: window.isGhost,
            frame: window.frame ?? refreshedWindow.frame,
            spaceIDs: window.spaceIDs.isEmpty ? refreshedWindow.spaceIDs : window.spaceIDs
        )

        if mergedWindow.spaceIDs != window.spaceIDs
            || mergedWindow.isFullscreen != window.isFullscreen
            || (window.frame == nil && refreshedWindow.frame != nil) {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderRefresh.merged", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "originalSpaceIDCount": window.spaceIDs.count,
                "refreshedSpaceIDCount": refreshedWindow.spaceIDs.count,
                "mergedSpaceIDCount": mergedWindow.spaceIDs.count,
                "originalIsFullscreen": window.isFullscreen,
                "refreshedIsFullscreen": refreshedWindow.isFullscreen,
                "mergedIsFullscreen": mergedWindow.isFullscreen,
                "originalHasFrame": window.frame != nil,
                "refreshedHasFrame": refreshedWindow.frame != nil,
                "mergedHasFrame": mergedWindow.frame != nil
            ])
        }

        return mergedWindow
    }

    private func closeButton(for axWindow: AXWindowMetadata) -> AXUIElement? {
@@ -675,12 +724,65 @@
            return nil
        }

        guard let host = finderTabHostAXWindow(for: window, in: axMetadata) else {
        let budget = FinderTabActivationBudget(limit: Self.finderTabActivationBudgetLimit)
        let hostLookupStartedAt = ProcessInfo.processInfo.systemUptime
        let host = finderTabHostAXWindow(for: window, in: axMetadata, budget: budget)
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderTab.hostLookup", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "pid": processIdentifier,
            "reason": reason,
            "hostFound": host != nil,
            "hostWindowID": host?.windowID,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": Self.elapsedMilliseconds(since: hostLookupStartedAt),
            "overallElapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetRemainingMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.remaining)
        ])

        guard let host else {
            if budget.isExhausted {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderTab.hostMissingBudgetExceeded", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "pid": processIdentifier,
                    "reason": reason,
                    "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                    "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
                ])
                return false
            }

            let normalizedTargetTitle = normalizedWindowTitle(window.title)
            let applicationActivated = activateApplication(processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
            let selectedViaWindowMenu = !normalizedTargetTitle.isEmpty
                && selectFinderWindowMenuItem(
                    processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
                    window: window,
                    normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                    budget: budget
                )
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderTab.hostlessWindowMenuResult", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": processIdentifier,
                "reason": reason,
                "applicationActivated": applicationActivated,
                "selectedViaWindowMenu": selectedViaWindowMenu,
                "spaceIDs": window.spaceIDs,
                "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                "targetTitleLength": window.title.count,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
            ])
            if selectedViaWindowMenu {
                return true
            }

            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderTab.hostMissing", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": processIdentifier,
                "reason": reason,
                "spaceIDs": window.spaceIDs
                "spaceIDs": window.spaceIDs,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
            ])
            return false
        }
@@ -697,26 +799,32 @@
        }

        let applicationActivated = activateApplication(processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
        let focusBeforeResult = focusWindowResult(host.element, processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
        let raiseBeforeResult = raiseWindowResult(host.element)
        let selectedTab = selectFinderTab(window, in: host)
        Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.05)
        let focusAfterResult: AXActionResult?
        let raiseAfterResult: AXActionResult?
        let beforeAttempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(host.element, processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
        let selectedTabStartedAt = ProcessInfo.processInfo.systemUptime
        let selectedTab = budget.isExhausted ? false : selectFinderTab(window, in: host, budget: budget)
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("\(operation).finderTab.selectElapsed", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "pid": processIdentifier,
            "hostWindowID": host.windowID,
            "selectedTab": selectedTab,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": Self.elapsedMilliseconds(since: selectedTabStartedAt),
            "overallElapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetRemainingMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.remaining)
        ])
        if selectedTab, budget.remaining > 0 {
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: min(0.05, budget.remaining))
        }
        let afterAttempt: WindowFocusAttempt?
        if selectedTab {
            // For Finder tab/page cards, re-focusing the original host AX window after
            // selecting the tab can switch Finder back to the host's previous tab.
            focusAfterResult = nil
            raiseAfterResult = nil
            afterAttempt = nil
        } else {
            focusAfterResult = focusWindowResult(host.element, processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
            raiseAfterResult = raiseWindowResult(host.element)
            afterAttempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(host.element, processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
        }

        let didFocusOrRaise = focusBeforeResult.success
            || raiseBeforeResult.success
            || (focusAfterResult?.success ?? false)
            || (raiseAfterResult?.success ?? false)
        let didFocusOrRaise = beforeAttempt.success || (afterAttempt?.success ?? false)
        let activated = selectedTab
            && (hostPrivateActivationSucceeded || applicationActivated || didFocusOrRaise)

@@ -730,11 +838,16 @@
            "hostPrivateActivated": hostPrivateActivationSucceeded,
            "applicationActivated": applicationActivated,
            "selectedTab": selectedTab,
            "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: focusBeforeResult.error),
            "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: raiseBeforeResult.error),
            "focusAfterAXError": focusAfterResult.map { String(describing: $0.error) } ?? "skippedAfterTabSelection",
            "raiseAfterAXError": raiseAfterResult.map { String(describing: $0.error) } ?? "skippedAfterTabSelection",
            "activated": activated
            "focusBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeAttempt.focused.error),
            "mainBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeAttempt.main.error),
            "raiseBeforeAXError": String(describing: beforeAttempt.raised.error),
            "focusAfterAXError": afterAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.focused.error) } ?? "skippedAfterTabSelection",
            "mainAfterAXError": afterAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.main.error) } ?? "skippedAfterTabSelection",
            "raiseAfterAXError": afterAttempt.map { String(describing: $0.raised.error) } ?? "skippedAfterTabSelection",
            "activated": activated,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetExceeded": budget.isExhausted
        ])

        return activated
@@ -748,7 +861,8 @@

    private func finderTabHostAXWindow(
        for window: AlignerWindow,
        in axMetadata: [AXWindowMetadata]
        in axMetadata: [AXWindowMetadata],
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> AXWindowMetadata? {
        guard let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier else { return nil }
        let candidates = axMetadata.filter { metadata in
@@ -768,28 +882,9 @@
                return !Set(candidateSpacesByID[windowID] ?? []).isDisjoint(with: targetSpaceIDs)
            }
        let spaceScopedCandidates = spaceCompatibleCandidates.isEmpty ? candidates : spaceCompatibleCandidates
        let selectableHostCandidates = spaceScopedCandidates.filter { metadata in
            finderHostCanRepresentTarget(window, in: metadata)
        }

        let hostCandidates: [AXWindowMetadata]
        if targetSpaceIDs.isEmpty {
            guard !selectableHostCandidates.isEmpty else {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.noSelectableHost", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "candidateCount": candidates.count,
                    "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                    "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
                ])
                return nil
            }
            hostCandidates = selectableHostCandidates
        } else {
            hostCandidates = selectableHostCandidates.isEmpty ? spaceScopedCandidates : selectableHostCandidates
        }

        let targetFrame = matchingFrame(for: window)
        let scoredHosts = hostCandidates.compactMap { metadata -> (metadata: AXWindowMetadata, score: CGFloat)? in
        let frameScoredHosts = spaceScopedCandidates.compactMap { metadata -> (metadata: AXWindowMetadata, score: CGFloat)? in
            guard let score = frameOverlapScore(targetFrame, metadata.frame),
                  score >= 0.85
            else {
@@ -805,18 +900,77 @@
            return (lhs.metadata.windowID ?? UInt32.max) < (rhs.metadata.windowID ?? UInt32.max)
        }

        if let best = scoredHosts.first {
            if scoredHosts.count == 1 {
        if let best = frameScoredHosts.first {
            if frameScoredHosts.count == 1 {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.frameInferredHost", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "hostWindowID": best.metadata.windowID,
                    "score": Double(best.score),
                    "spaceIDCount": targetSpaceIDs.count,
                    "candidateCount": spaceScopedCandidates.count,
                    "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                    "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
                ])
                return best.metadata
            }

            let secondBest = scoredHosts[1]
            let secondBest = frameScoredHosts[1]
            if best.score - secondBest.score >= 0.05 {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.frameInferredHost", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "hostWindowID": best.metadata.windowID,
                    "score": Double(best.score),
                    "secondBestScore": Double(secondBest.score),
                    "spaceIDCount": targetSpaceIDs.count,
                    "candidateCount": spaceScopedCandidates.count,
                    "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                    "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
                ])
                return best.metadata
            }
        }

        guard !budget.isExhausted else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.hostLookupBudgetExceeded", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "candidateCount": spaceScopedCandidates.count,
                "spaceIDCount": targetSpaceIDs.count,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
            ])
            return nil
        }

        let representationScanCandidates = Array(spaceScopedCandidates.prefix(Self.finderTabHostRepresentationScanLimit))
        let selectableHostCandidates = representationScanCandidates.filter { metadata in
            finderHostCanRepresentTarget(window, in: metadata, budget: budget)
        }

        if spaceScopedCandidates.count > representationScanCandidates.count {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.hostRepresentationScanLimited", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "candidateCount": spaceScopedCandidates.count,
                "scannedCandidateCount": representationScanCandidates.count,
                "selectableCandidateCount": selectableHostCandidates.count,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
            ])
        }

        let hostCandidates = selectableHostCandidates.isEmpty
            ? spaceScopedCandidates
            : selectableHostCandidates

        if hostCandidates.count == 1 {
            if selectableHostCandidates.isEmpty {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.singleFrameHostFallback", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "hostWindowID": hostCandidates[0].windowID,
                    "spaceIDCount": targetSpaceIDs.count,
                    "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                    "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
                ])
            }
            return hostCandidates[0]
        }

@@ -833,7 +987,8 @@

    private func finderHostCanRepresentTarget(
        _ window: AlignerWindow,
        in host: AXWindowMetadata
        in host: AXWindowMetadata,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> Bool {
        let normalizedTargetTitle = normalizedWindowTitle(window.title)
        guard !normalizedTargetTitle.isEmpty else { return false }
@@ -842,12 +997,14 @@
            return true
        }

        return finderTabControl(matchingNormalizedTitle: normalizedTargetTitle, in: host.element) != nil
        guard !budget.isExhausted else { return false }
        return finderTabControl(matchingNormalizedTitle: normalizedTargetTitle, in: host.element, budget: budget) != nil
    }

    private func selectFinderTab(
        _ window: AlignerWindow,
        in host: AXWindowMetadata
        in host: AXWindowMetadata,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> Bool {
        let normalizedTargetTitle = normalizedWindowTitle(window.title)
        guard !normalizedTargetTitle.isEmpty else { return false }
@@ -858,28 +1015,35 @@

        guard let tabControl = finderTabControl(
            matchingNormalizedTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
            in: host.element
            in: host.element,
            budget: budget
        ) else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.tabButtonMissing", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "hostWindowID": host.windowID,
                "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
                "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
                "targetTitleLength": window.title.count,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
            ])
            if let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier,
               selectFinderWindowMenuItem(
                processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
                window: window,
                normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle
               ) {
                return true
            }
            if let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier,
               !budget.isExhausted,
               selectFinderTabByCyclingTabs(
                processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
                host: host,
                window: window,
                normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle
                normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                budget: budget
               ) {
                return true
            }
            if let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier,
               !budget.isExhausted,
               selectFinderWindowMenuItem(
                processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
                window: window,
                normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                budget: budget
               ) {
                return true
            }
@@ -898,7 +1062,13 @@
            "axError": String(describing: pressResult)
        ])
        if pressResult == .success,
           finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(host, normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle) {
           finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(
            host,
            normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
            attempts: Self.finderTabFastTitleMatchAttempts,
            delay: Self.finderTabFastTitleMatchDelay,
            budget: budget
           ) {
            return true
        }

@@ -914,7 +1084,13 @@
                "axError": String(describing: selectedChildrenResult)
            ])
            if selectedChildrenResult == .success,
               finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(host, normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle) {
               finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(
                host,
                normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                attempts: Self.finderTabFastTitleMatchAttempts,
                delay: Self.finderTabFastTitleMatchDelay,
                budget: budget
               ) {
                return true
            }
        }
@@ -930,25 +1106,35 @@
            "axError": String(describing: valueResult)
        ])
        if valueResult == .success,
           finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(host, normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle) {
            return true
        }

        if let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier,
           selectFinderWindowMenuItem(
            processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
            window: window,
            normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle
           finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(
            host,
            normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
            attempts: Self.finderTabFastTitleMatchAttempts,
            delay: Self.finderTabFastTitleMatchDelay,
            budget: budget
           ) {
            return true
        }

        if let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier,
           !budget.isExhausted,
           selectFinderTabByCyclingTabs(
            processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
            host: host,
            window: window,
            normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle
            normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
            budget: budget
           ) {
            return true
        }

        if let processIdentifier = window.app.processIdentifier,
           !budget.isExhausted,
           selectFinderWindowMenuItem(
            processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
            window: window,
            normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
            budget: budget
           ) {
            return true
        }
@@ -960,27 +1146,24 @@
            "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
            "targetTitleLength": window.title.count,
            "currentHostTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(currentHostTitle),
            "currentHostTitleLength": currentHostTitle.count
            "currentHostTitleLength": currentHostTitle.count,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetExceeded": budget.isExhausted
        ])
        return false
    }

    private func finderTabButton(
        matchingNormalizedTitle targetTitle: String,
        in root: AXUIElement
    ) -> AXUIElement? {
        finderTabControl(matchingNormalizedTitle: targetTitle, in: root)?.button
    }

    private func finderTabControl(
        matchingNormalizedTitle targetTitle: String,
        in root: AXUIElement
        in root: AXUIElement,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> FinderTabControl? {
        var visitedCount = 0

        func search(_ element: AXUIElement, depth: Int, tabGroup: AXUIElement?) -> FinderTabControl? {
            visitedCount += 1
            guard visitedCount <= 240, depth <= 9 else { return nil }
            guard visitedCount <= 240, depth <= 9, !budget.isExhausted else { return nil }

            let role = axStringAttribute(kAXRoleAttribute as String, for: element)
            let subrole = axStringAttribute(kAXSubroleAttribute as String, for: element)
@@ -1014,15 +1197,27 @@
        _ host: AXWindowMetadata,
        normalizedTargetTitle: String,
        attempts: Int = 10,
        delay: TimeInterval = 0.04
        delay: TimeInterval = 0.04,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget? = nil
    ) -> Bool {
        for _ in 0..<attempts {
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: delay)
        let attemptCount = max(1, attempts)
        for attempt in 0..<attemptCount {
            if attempt > 0 {
                let sleepDuration = budget.map { min(delay, $0.remaining) } ?? delay
                if sleepDuration > 0 {
                    Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: sleepDuration)
                }
            }

            let selectedTitle = normalizedWindowTitle(
                axStringAttribute(kAXTitleAttribute as String, for: host.element) ?? ""
            )
            if selectedTitle == normalizedTargetTitle {
                return true
            }

            if budget?.isExhausted == true {
                break
            }
        }

@@ -1032,8 +1227,19 @@
    private func selectFinderWindowMenuItem(
        processIdentifier: Int32,
        window: AlignerWindow,
        normalizedTargetTitle: String
        normalizedTargetTitle: String,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> Bool {
        guard !budget.isExhausted else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.windowMenuSkippedBudgetExceeded", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": processIdentifier,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
            ])
            return false
        }

        let appElement = AXUIElementCreateApplication(processIdentifier)
        guard let menuBar = axElementAttribute(kAXMenuBarAttribute as String, for: appElement) else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.windowMenuMissing", [
@@ -1045,11 +1251,14 @@

        for menuBarItem in axChildren(of: menuBar) where isWindowMenuBarItem(menuBarItem) {
            let openResult = AXUIElementPerformAction(menuBarItem, kAXPressAction as CFString)
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.08)
            if budget.remaining > 0 {
                Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: min(0.08, budget.remaining))
            }
            guard openResult == .success,
                  let menuItem = finderWindowMenuItem(
                    matchingNormalizedTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                    in: menuBarItem
                    in: menuBarItem,
                    budget: budget
                  )
            else {
                continue
@@ -1067,21 +1276,27 @@
                processIdentifier: processIdentifier,
                window: window,
                normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                initialDelay: 0.18,
                attempts: 18,
                delay: 0.06,
                requiredConsecutiveMatches: 3
                initialDelay: Self.finderTabWindowMenuVerificationInitialDelay,
                attempts: Self.finderTabWindowMenuVerificationAttempts,
                delay: Self.finderTabWindowMenuVerificationDelay,
                requiredConsecutiveMatches: 2,
                budget: budget
            ) {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.windowMenuSucceeded", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "pid": processIdentifier
                    "pid": processIdentifier,
                    "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                    "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
                ])
                return true
            }

            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.windowMenuVerificationFailed", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": processIdentifier
                "pid": processIdentifier,
                "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
                "budgetExceeded": budget.isExhausted
            ])
        }

@@ -1089,7 +1304,10 @@
            "windowID": window.id,
            "pid": processIdentifier,
            "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
            "targetTitleLength": window.title.count
            "targetTitleLength": window.title.count,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetExceeded": budget.isExhausted
        ])
        return false
    }
@@ -1101,13 +1319,14 @@

    private func finderWindowMenuItem(
        matchingNormalizedTitle targetTitle: String,
        in root: AXUIElement
        in root: AXUIElement,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> AXUIElement? {
        var visitedCount = 0

        func search(_ element: AXUIElement, depth: Int) -> AXUIElement? {
            visitedCount += 1
            guard visitedCount <= 500, depth <= 8 else { return nil }
            guard visitedCount <= 500, depth <= 8, !budget.isExhausted else { return nil }

            let role = axStringAttribute(kAXRoleAttribute as String, for: element)
            let title = axStringAttribute(kAXTitleAttribute as String, for: element)
@@ -1129,6 +1348,15 @@
        return search(root, depth: 0)
    }

    private func finderFocusedOrMainWindowTitle(processIdentifier: Int32) -> String? {
        let appElement = AXUIElementCreateApplication(processIdentifier)
        let focusedWindow = axElementAttribute(kAXFocusedWindowAttribute as String, for: appElement)
            ?? axElementAttribute(kAXMainWindowAttribute as String, for: appElement)
        return focusedWindow.flatMap {
            axStringAttribute(kAXTitleAttribute as String, for: $0)
        }
    }

    private func finderFocusedWindowTitleMatches(
        processIdentifier: Int32,
        window: AlignerWindow,
@@ -1136,19 +1364,18 @@
        initialDelay: TimeInterval,
        attempts: Int,
        delay: TimeInterval,
        requiredConsecutiveMatches: Int
        requiredConsecutiveMatches: Int,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> Bool {
        let appElement = AXUIElementCreateApplication(processIdentifier)
        var consecutiveMatches = 0
        var lastTitle: String?

        Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: initialDelay)
        for _ in 0..<attempts {
            let focusedWindow = axElementAttribute(kAXFocusedWindowAttribute as String, for: appElement)
                ?? axElementAttribute(kAXMainWindowAttribute as String, for: appElement)
            let title = focusedWindow.flatMap {
                axStringAttribute(kAXTitleAttribute as String, for: $0)
            }
        if budget.remaining > 0 {
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: min(initialDelay, budget.remaining))
        }
        let attemptCount = max(1, attempts)
        for attempt in 0..<attemptCount {
            let title = finderFocusedOrMainWindowTitle(processIdentifier: processIdentifier)
            lastTitle = title
            if normalizedWindowTitle(title ?? "") == normalizedTargetTitle {
                consecutiveMatches += 1
@@ -1159,7 +1386,13 @@
            if consecutiveMatches >= requiredConsecutiveMatches {
                return true
            }
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: delay)
            if budget.isExhausted || attempt == attemptCount - 1 {
                break
            }
            let sleepDuration = min(delay, budget.remaining)
            if sleepDuration > 0 {
                Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: sleepDuration)
            }
        }

        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.focusedTitleMismatch", [
@@ -1168,7 +1401,10 @@
            "targetTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(window.title),
            "targetTitleLength": window.title.count,
            "lastTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(lastTitle),
            "lastTitleLength": lastTitle?.count
            "lastTitleLength": lastTitle?.count,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetExceeded": budget.isExhausted
        ])
        return false
    }
@@ -1177,10 +1413,23 @@
        processIdentifier: Int32,
        host: AXWindowMetadata,
        window: AlignerWindow,
        normalizedTargetTitle: String
        normalizedTargetTitle: String,
        budget: FinderTabActivationBudget
    ) -> Bool {
        let maximumAttempts = 24
        let maximumAttempts = Self.finderTabCycleMaximumAttempts
        for attempt in 1...maximumAttempts {
            guard !budget.isExhausted else {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.cycleBudgetExceeded", [
                    "windowID": window.id,
                    "hostWindowID": host.windowID,
                    "attempt": attempt,
                    "attemptLimit": maximumAttempts,
                    "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                    "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
                ])
                return false
            }

            for shortcut in Self.finderNextTabShortcuts {
                guard postKeyboardShortcut(to: processIdentifier, shortcut: shortcut) else {
                    DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.cyclePostFailed", [
@@ -1195,14 +1444,18 @@
                if finderHostTitleMatchesTarget(
                    host,
                    normalizedTargetTitle: normalizedTargetTitle,
                    attempts: 4,
                    delay: 0.035
                    attempts: 2,
                    delay: 0.025,
                    budget: budget
                ) {
                    DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.cycleSucceeded", [
                        "windowID": window.id,
                        "hostWindowID": host.windowID,
                        "attempt": attempt,
                        "shortcut": shortcut.name
                        "attemptLimit": maximumAttempts,
                        "shortcut": shortcut.name,
                        "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
                        "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit)
                    ])
                    return true
                }
@@ -1212,7 +1465,10 @@
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.finderTab.cycleFailed", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "hostWindowID": host.windowID,
            "attemptCount": maximumAttempts
            "attemptCount": maximumAttempts,
            "elapsedMilliseconds": budget.elapsedMilliseconds,
            "budgetMilliseconds": Self.milliseconds(budget.limit),
            "budgetExceeded": budget.isExhausted
        ])
        return false
    }
@@ -1614,10 +1870,33 @@
            }

            let spaceIDs = spaceIDsByWindowID[resolvedWindowID] ?? []
            nextRestorableAXWindowsByID[resolvedWindowID] = RestorableAXWindow(
                processIdentifier: axWindow.processIdentifier,
                element: axWindow.element
            )
            let isFullscreen = !Set(spaceIDs).isDisjoint(with: fullscreenSpaceIDs)
            guard WindowEnumerationPolicy.shouldIncludeAXOnlyRecord(
                identifierSource: identifierSource,
                isMinimized: axWindow.isMinimized,
                isFullscreen: isFullscreen,
                spaceIDs: spaceIDs
            ) else {
                DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowEnumeration.axOnly.lowConfidenceSkipped", [
                    "windowID": resolvedWindowID,
                    "pid": axWindow.processIdentifier,
                    "appName": axWindow.app.name,
                    "bundleIdentifier": axWindow.app.bundleIdentifier,
                    "titleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(axWindow.title ?? ""),
                    "titleLength": axWindow.title?.count ?? 0,
                    "identifierSource": String(describing: identifierSource),
                    "isMinimized": axWindow.isMinimized,
                    "isFullscreen": isFullscreen,
                    "spaceIDCount": spaceIDs.count
                ])
                continue
            }
            if axWindow.isMinimized {
                nextRestorableAXWindowsByID[resolvedWindowID] = RestorableAXWindow(
                    processIdentifier: axWindow.processIdentifier,
                    element: axWindow.element
                )
            }
            axOnlyRecords.append(WindowEnumerationRecord(
                id: resolvedWindowID,
                app: axWindow.app,
@@ -1628,7 +1907,7 @@
                frame: axWindow.frame,
                subrole: axWindow.subrole,
                isMinimized: axWindow.isMinimized,
                isFullscreen: !Set(spaceIDs).isDisjoint(with: fullscreenSpaceIDs),
                isFullscreen: isFullscreen,
                isGhost: false,
                isDesktopElement: false,
                isSystemCritical: isSystemCritical(app: axWindow.app),
@@ -1726,6 +2005,64 @@
        return activated
    }

    private func retryFocusMainRaiseWindow(
        for window: AlignerWindow,
        delay: TimeInterval,
        matchAttempt: String
    ) -> WindowFocusAttempt? {
        if delay > 0 {
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: delay)
        }

        let retryMetadata = AXWindowMetadataReader.metadata(appCategorizer: appCategorizer)
        guard let retryAXWindow = axWindow(
            for: window,
            in: retryMetadata,
            operation: "windowActivation",
            matchAttempt: matchAttempt
        ) else {
            DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.retryAXLookupMissing", [
                "windowID": window.id,
                "pid": window.app.processIdentifier,
                "attempt": matchAttempt,
                "candidateCount": retryMetadata.filter { $0.processIdentifier == window.app.processIdentifier }.count,
                "matchingTitleCandidateCount": matchingAXTitleCandidateCount(for: window, in: retryMetadata),
                "matchingSizeCandidateCount": matchingAXSizeCandidateCount(for: window, in: retryMetadata)
            ])
            return nil
        }

        let attempt = focusMainRaiseWindowResult(
            retryAXWindow.element,
            processIdentifier: retryAXWindow.processIdentifier
        )
        DevelopmentDiagnostics.log("windowActivation.activate.retryAXFocus", [
            "windowID": window.id,
            "pid": retryAXWindow.processIdentifier,
            "attempt": matchAttempt,
            "matchedWindowID": retryAXWindow.windowID,
            "matchedTitleHash": DevelopmentDiagnostics.stableFingerprint(retryAXWindow.title),
            "focused": attempt.focused.success,
            "focusAXError": String(describing: attempt.focused.error),
            "main": attempt.main.success,
            "mainAXError": String(describing: attempt.main.error),
            "raised": attempt.raised.success,
            "raiseAXError": String(describing: attempt.raised.error)
        ])
        return attempt
    }

    private func focusMainRaiseWindowResult(
        _ window: AXUIElement,
        processIdentifier: Int32
    ) -> WindowFocusAttempt {
        WindowFocusAttempt(
            focused: focusWindowResult(window, processIdentifier: processIdentifier),
            main: mainWindowResult(window),
            raised: raiseWindowResult(window)
        )
    }

    private func focusWindowResult(_ window: AXUIElement, processIdentifier: Int32) -> AXActionResult {
        let appElement = AXUIElementCreateApplication(processIdentifier)
        let error = AXUIElementSetAttributeValue(
@@ -1736,10 +2073,27 @@
        return AXActionResult(error: error)
    }

    private func mainWindowResult(_ window: AXUIElement) -> AXActionResult {
        let error = AXUIElementSetAttributeValue(
            window,
            kAXMainAttribute as CFString,
            kCFBooleanTrue
        )
        return AXActionResult(error: error)
    }

    private func raiseWindowResult(_ window: AXUIElement) -> AXActionResult {
        AXActionResult(error: AXUIElementPerformAction(window, kAXRaiseAction as CFString))
    }

    private static func elapsedMilliseconds(since startedAt: TimeInterval) -> Int {
        milliseconds(ProcessInfo.processInfo.systemUptime - startedAt)
    }

    private static func milliseconds(_ interval: TimeInterval) -> Int {
        Int((max(0, interval) * 1_000).rounded())
    }

    private func activationPolicy(from runningApplication: NSRunningApplication?) -> AlignerActivationPolicy {
        guard let runningApplication else { return .unknown }